Rwanda tries to protect farmland in Africa’s most densely populated nation

Category: Science/Environment

Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. relentless / rɪˈlɛnt lɪs / (adj.) – continuing in a strong or extreme way without ever getting weaker
    Example:

    The city faces relentless growth, with new apartments appearing every single month.


  2. gesture / ˈdʒɛs tʃər / (v.) – to move one’s hands, arms, or head to point toward something
    Example:

    She gestured for me to sit down in the empty chair next to her.


  3. warily / ˈwɛər ə li / (adv.) – in a way that is very careful or nervous because of something bad that might happen
    Example:

    The small shop owner watched warily as the large supermarket opened across the street.


  4. encroach / ɛnˈkroʊtʃ / (v.) – to gradually move into or take over an area of land
    Example:

    The city is growing so fast that new buildings are encroaching on the forest nearby.


  5. retaliation / rɪˌtæl iˈeɪ ʃən / (n.) – the act of doing something negative in response to an action that was seen as wrong
    Example:

    The company promised there would be no retaliation against employees who complained about the new work policies.


Article

Read the text below.

The rhythmic sounds of construction muffle the thud of farmers’ hoes on a chilly morning in Rwanda’s capital, where new efforts aim to protect remaining agricultural land from relentless development in Africa’s most densely populated country.


Eighty-four-year-old Mukarusini Kurisikira had been a farmer before she fled the country to Congo in 1994. Upon returning, she said, her family’s land, which had stretched across the hills, had been taken away for construction. She gestured toward Kigali’s high-rise buildings.


Now she grows maize and sweet potatoes on a piece of land the size of a small cottage, which she said is barely enough to feed her. “It is all I have,” she said, looking warily at construction equipment on a ridge nearby.


Now she has a measure of protection. Since September, Rwanda’s government has been mapping agricultural land and using satellite imagery to track any development encroaching on farmlands and forests in a country where the population is expected to reach 22 million in a couple of years.


Rwanda is striving to ensure food security amid the latest global pressures on farm inputs like fertilizer, whose prices have been rising since the Iran war began. The government has imposed fines of up to $3,000 and jail terms of up to six months on developers found to be encroaching.


Some buildings in Kigali have been torn down, though people associated with them didn’t want to comment for fear of government retaliation. The government now plans to incorporate drones for better real-time monitoring.


Meanwhile, land use data from the mayor’s office shows that the Kigali master plan has dedicated nearly a quarter of land—22%—to agriculture. City authorities acknowledge that housing construction is attractive due to demand, but say future projections show that “farming will be even more productive.”


They say the demand for food is also rising and believe that, with innovation, it can be grown on smaller pieces of land.


The government last year printed and displayed maps showing areas in districts across Rwanda that are designated for construction and reserved for agriculture.


This article was provided by The Associated Press.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

  • Rwanda is trying to balance the need for new homes with the need to grow enough food for its people. If you were a government leader, which is more important to you: building more homes or keeping land for farming? Why do you think so? Discuss.
  • The government believes that using smart ways to farm can help food grow on smaller pieces of land. Do you think high-tech tools can really replace having large, open fields? Why or why not? Discuss.

Discussion B

  • Rwanda is striving to ensure food security. In your country, how would you describe the situation in terms of food security (ex. food supply is sufficient, food is expensive)? Do you think this situation could improve or worsen in the near future? Why do you say so? Discuss.
  • What more do you think your government should do to ensure there is enough and affordable food for everyone in the country? Discuss.