Campaigners want to change the world map to show Africa is bigger

Category: Top Stories

Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. projection / prəˈdʒɛk ʃən / (n.) – a way of drawing or showing something on a flat surface, like a map or picture
    Example:

    The science book had a projection of the solar system, showing all the planets in a flat picture.


  2. milestone / ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn / (n.) – an important event or stage in life, history, or process
    Example:

    The birth of their child was a huge milestone for the couple.


  3. cartographer / kɑrˈtɒg rə fər / (n.) – a person who makes maps
    Example:

    Long ago, a cartographer would travel the world and draw maps by hand.


  4. distorted / dɪˈstɔr tɪd / (adj.) – changed in a way that makes the shape, sound, or meaning unclear or wrong
    Example:

    Through the dirty glass, her face looked distorted and hard to recognize.


  5. biased / ˈbaɪ əst / (adj.) – having or showing an unfair opinion or preference for one side, idea, or person over another
    Example:

    A judge must not be biased when making a decision in court.


Article

Read the text below.

On the Mercator projection, one of the world’s most popular maps, Greenland and Africa appear to be about the same size. But on the Equal Earth projection showing continents in their true proportions, 14 Greenlands would easily fit inside the African continent.


Criticism that the Mercator projection does not accurately reflect Africa’s real size is not new. However, a recent campaign by African advocacy groups is gaining momentum online as it urges organizations and schools to adopt the Equal Earth projection, which they say more accurately displays the size of the continent of more than 1.4 billion people.


The African Union, the continent’s diplomatic organization with 55 member countries, endorsed the campaign last month in what advocates call a major milestone.


The Mercator map was created in the 16th century by Flemish cartographer Gerardus Mercator. Designed to help European navigators at sea, the map distorted landmasses by enlarging regions near the poles, such as North America and Greenland, while shrinking Africa and South America.


The 2018 Equal Earth projection is a modern map that follows the Earth’s curvature and shows continents in their true proportions, unlike the distorted Mercator map.


The Mercator projection is still common in classrooms and tech platforms. Google Maps dropped the widely used projection for a 3D globe when viewed on a desktop browser in 2018, but users can switch back to the old map. The mobile app still defaults to the Mercator projection.


Two African advocacy groups, Africa No Filter and Speak Up Africa, launched a campaign in April to push schools, followed by international organizations and media outlets, to use the Equal Earth projection, which it says more accurately reflects the true size of Africa.


“Correcting the map is not only an African issue. It is a matter of truth and accuracy that concerns the entire world. When whole generations, in Africa and elsewhere, learn from a distorted map, they develop a biased view of Africa’s role in the world,” said Fara Ndiaye, co-founder and deputy executive director of Speak Up Africa.


This article was provided by The Associated Press.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

  • The Mercator projection makes Africa look smaller than it really is. Do you think the way a map looks can influence people’s opinions about a place? Why do you say so? How would you feel if your country were distorted in maps that many people around the world use? Discuss.
  • Do you think pictures, such as maps or photos, have a stronger effect on people’s beliefs and opinions than written text? Why? Discuss.

Discussion B

  • People have used the Mercator map for hundreds of years, and African advocacy groups urge organizations and schools to change it. Do you think it would be difficult to replace it with the Equal Earth map? Why or why not? How difficult do you think it is to change people’s minds once they have gotten used to something? Discuss.
  • Do you think it is helpful to still learn about the Mercator map, or should we only focus on newer maps like the Equal Earth? Why? Discuss.