Researchers Find Most Effective Way to Learn

Category: Human Interest

Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. optimal / ˈɒp tə məl / (adj) – very effective
    Example:

    Based on my study, employees reach their optimal level of performance after lunchtime.


  2. maximize / ˈmæk səˌmaɪz / (v) – to increase or make something grow as much as possible
    Example:

    Maximize your profit by targeting as many customers as you can.


  3. complex / kəmˈplɛks / (adj) – difficult to solve or to study
    Example:

    Most event organizers agree that a complex event requires careful planning.


  4. disheartened / dɪsˈhɑr tnd / (adj) – having lost hope, courage, determination, or drive
    Example:

    I don’t get disheartened when I lose in competitions because I know that I can do better next time.


  5. middle ground / ˈmɪd l graʊnd / (n) – a halfway or neutral point between two opposite positions or ideas
    Example:

    It’s hard to find a middle ground between being too strict and being too nice to my students.


Article

Read the text below.

Failing 15% of the time leads to a faster and more effective way of learning, researchers claim.


According to researchers from the University of Arizona, an 85% accuracy rate is ideal to learn efficiently. They said tasks that always result in 100% accuracy leave no room for people to learn new things.


The team found the optimal level of learning after conducting a series of experiments on computers. The computers were given tasks with varying levels of difficulty, such as categorizing patterns, numbers, and photographs. Results showed that the computers learned the fastest at a level that was neither too easy nor too difficult, or when they completed the task correctly 85% of the time.


The findings led to the proposal of the 85% Rule for Optimal Learning, a standard in which the difficulty of tasks is adjusted for learners to attain an 85% accuracy rate in order to maximize learning.


The researchers believe that the findings also apply to humans. Previous researches have proven that people learn best and are most engaged when a task is neither too easy that they get bored nor too complex that they become disheartened. Finding a middle ground for the level of difficulty, like the 85% Rule, allows individuals to get the most information from both success and failure.


Despite the accuracy rate that the study recommends, the researchers do not suggest that individuals, especially students, aim for just 85%. Rather, the researchers advise that educators and parents reduce the pressure they put on children to achieve perfection. Doing so would allow individuals to take more risks and increase motivation and learning.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

• How do you think educators and parents can apply the 85% Rule in school or at home?
• Do you think that the 85% Rule will encourage individuals to take more risks? Why or why not?

Discussion B

• Do you agree people learn effectively from their mistakes? Why or why not?
• What can hinder people from learning from their mistakes? Discuss.