Merz unveils sweeping reform push for Germany: Tax cuts, pension overhaul, and new sick leave rules

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Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. sluggish / ˈslʌg ɪʃ / (adj.) – moving, working, or growing much slower than normal
    Example:

    After a very sluggish start in the morning, the store finally got busy after lunch.


  2. bureaucracy / bjʊˈrɒk rə si / (n.) – a system of government or business that is annoying, slow, or confusing because it has too many complicated rules and processes to get things done
    Example:

    Government bureaucracy in applying for a business license stresses out many small business owners.


  3. underwhelming / ˌʌn dɚˈwel mɪŋ / (adj.) – not exciting, not impressive, or much lower than what people hoped for or expected
    Example:

    The company reported underwhelming income this quarter, making the owners worry.


  4. fallout / ˈfɔlˌaʊt / (n.) – the unpleasant, bad, or unexpected results and effects that happen after a major event or action
    Example:

    The bank faced a lot of public fallout from its mobile app stopping for three days.


  5. life expectancy / laɪf ɪkˈspɛk tən si / (n.) – the average number of years that a person or animal is expected to live
    Example:

    Healthy food and regular exercise are two major things that can improve your life expectancy.


Article

Read the text below.

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and his government coalition partners presented a comprehensive reform package with the goal of getting the country’s sluggish economy back on track.


The 34 measures include cuts to income tax for low- and middle-income families, an overhaul of the creaking pension system, tougher rules for employees’ sick leave, and a reduction of the country’s stifling bureaucracy.


“These reforms all have one goal: We’re setting out into the future,” Merz said. “We’re strengthening ourselves so that we can live well in these new times.”


Merz is trying to cut his government coalition free from that negative reputation.


Germany’s economy returned to modest growth last year after shrinking for two years in a row. The government expects underwhelming growth of 0.5% this year, a figure that has been pushed down by the fallout from the war in Iran.


The government coalition leaders said that the tax cuts, once fully implemented in 2028, would give an annual tax break of about 600 euros ($686.40) for a family with two working parents, two children, and a total taxable income of 60,000 euros ($68,640). The total tax relief provided by the reform amounts to approximately 10 billion euros ($11.4 billion) per year.


The pension system reform would include gradually raising the retirement age, currently between 65 and 67 years, depending on the number of years worked, in line with life expectancy.


The tougher rules for sick leave would no longer allow employees to call in sick to work for up to three days without seeing a doctor, or call up the doctor and ask for a sick leave letter for one week without actually seeing the doctor. Instead, employers would be able to ask for a doctor’s certificate from the first day a person is on sick leave.


This article was provided by The Associated Press.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

  • With Germany’s tougher rules for sick leave, employers would be able to ask for a doctor’s certificate from the first day. In your opinion, how do you think this rule might affect employees (ex. they would become more productive, they would feel stressed about taking sick leave)? Why do you think so? In your country, how do people usually handle sick leave? Discuss.
  • In your opinion, what is the ideal sick leave policy? Do you think employers would agree with your idea for the sick leave policy? Why or why not? Discuss.

Discussion B

  • The pension system reform would include gradually raising the retirement age, which is currently between 65 and 67 years, in line with life expectancy, as part of the thirty-four measures to help Germany’s sluggish economy. Do you think raising the retirement age is a fair solution to a country’s economic problems? Why or why not? How do you think this change affects the older and younger generations? Discuss.
  • If people are living longer, healthier lives, do you believe there should even be a fixed retirement age at all, or should people just work for as long as they want? Why do you say so? Discuss.