Goal
I can use comparative adjectives with than.
than を用いた形容詞の比較級を使うことができるようになる。Grammar Point
Use than with comparative adjectives to compare the qualities of two people, groups, or things.
二つのもの（人、グループ、物）の違いを比較するために、形容詞の比較級と than の使い方を学びましょう。-
The form is [comparative adjective] + than. To make a comparative adjective, add -er or -r to most regular one-syllable adjectives.*
形は＜形容詞の比較級＋than＞です。形容詞の比較級を作るには、ほとんどの規則変化する1音節の形容詞（発音した時に母音を1つだけ含む形容詞）*の場合、語尾に -er か -r をつけます。
*for adjectives that end in [vowel] + [consonant] (not w, x, or y), double the last consonant and add –er
*語尾が＜母音字＋w, x, y 以外の子音字＞で終わる形容詞は、最後の子音字を重ねて、-er をつけますREGULAR ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVE | COMPARATIVE FORM |
|---|---|
|
new |
newer |
|
wide |
wider |
|
hot |
hotter |
|
thin |
thinner |
横にスワイプ
James is older than Brandon.
ジェームズはブランドンよりも年上です。
My new car is bigger than my old car.
私の新しい車は私の古い車よりも大きいです。
-
For regular two-syllable adjectives that end in -y, change y to i and add -er.
語尾が -y で終わる、規則変化する2音節の形容詞（発音した時に母音を2つ含む形容詞）は、y を i に変えて、-er をつけます。
REGULAR TWO-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVE ENDING IN -Y | COMPARATIVE FORM |
|---|---|
|
spicy |
spicier |
|
happy |
happier |
横にスワイプ
His new movie is funnier than his other movies.
彼の新作映画は彼の他の映画よりも面白いです。
My brother was angrier than Jim.
私の兄はジムよりも怒っていました。
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For other regular adjectives, add more before the adjective.
上記以外の規則変化する形容詞の場合、形容詞の前に more をつけます。
OTHER REGULAR ADJECTIVE | COMPARATIVE FORM |
|---|---|
|
boring |
more boring |
|
difficult |
more difficult |
横にスワイプ
Tyler is usually more positive than Jessica.
タイラーは普段ジェシカよりも前向きです。
The book is more interesting than the movie.
その本はその映画よりも興味深いです。
-
Some regular adjectives have two comparative forms. There is no difference in their meaning.
いくつかの規則変化する形容詞には、2種類の比較級があります。どちらの表現を使っても意味に違いはありません。
REGULAR ADJECTIVE | COMPARATIVE FORM |
|---|---|
|
quiet |
quieter/more quiet |
|
polite |
politer/more polite |
|
gentle |
gentler/more gentle |
|
friendly |
friendlier/more friendly |
横にスワイプ
Dan is quieter than his classmates.
ダンはクラスメイトよりも静かです。
Dan is more quiet than his classmates.
ダンはクラスメイトよりも静かです。
-
Irregular adjectives do not follow the general rules. You have to memorize their comparative forms.
不規則変化する形容詞は変化に規則性がありません。比較級の形を覚えましょう。
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVE | COMPARATIVE FORM |
|---|---|
|
good |
better |
|
bad |
worse |
|
far |
farther/further** |
横にスワイプ
**no difference in meaning in many contexts
**多くの文脈で意味に違いはありません
Their old songs are better than their new songs.
彼らの昔の曲は彼らの新曲よりも良いです。
Boston is farther than New York City.
ボストンはニューヨークよりも遠いです。
-
After than, you can use a noun by itself or a noun with a verb. The meaning does not change.
than の後には、名詞だけ置くことも、＜名詞＋動詞＞を置くこともできます。どちらを使っても文の意味は変わりません。
I’m taller than my brother.
私は兄よりも背が高いです。
I’m taller than my brother is.
私は兄よりも背が高いです。
-
You can also use a pronoun after than. Both the subject and object forms of pronouns are grammatically acceptable.*** There is no difference in their meaning, but the subject form tends to sound more formal.
than の後には代名詞を置くこともできます。文法的には代名詞の主格、目的格どちらも使用可能です***。意味に違いはありませんが、主格のほうがより丁寧です。
***some native speakers may feel that subject forms are more correct
***英語のネイティブスピーカーは主格のほうが正しいと考える人もいますSUBJECT FORM | OBJECT FORM |
|---|---|
|
I |
me |
|
you |
you |
|
he |
him |
|
she |
her |
|
it |
it |
|
we |
us |
|
they |
them |
横にスワイプ
I’m taller than him.
私は彼よりも背が高いです。
I’m taller than he. (formal)
私は彼よりも背が高いです。 （丁寧）
Be careful: You cannot use the object form of a pronoun with a verb after than. Drop the verb or use the subject form instead.
I’m taller than him is.
I’m taller than him.
I’m taller than he is.
Sentence Builder
I’m older than she is.
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You’re more positive than he is.
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His new movie is funnier than his last movie.
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Aidan is faster than us.
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My son is younger than my daughter is.
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Texas is bigger than New York.
Practice
Make sentences using the grammar point, the words, and the picture clues. The form of some words may need to be changed.
グラマーポイント、語句、ヒントの写真を用いて文を作りましょう。いくつかの語句は形を変える必要があります。
fast: Matt vs. Sarah
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good: the tacos vs. the burgers
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big: my old car vs. my new car
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polite: she vs. he
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spicy: the green curry vs. the mabo-dofu
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expensive: Mark’s apartment vs. Kara’s apartment
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bad: Sky Queen vs. Sky Spies
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dangerous: New York City vs. Tokyo
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cute: Greg’s pet vs. Anna’s pet
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friendly: he vs. they
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far: Paris vs. Manila
Q&A
グラマーポイントとご自身についての情報を用いて質問に答えましょう。
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you vs. your best friend: Who’s taller?
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horror movies vs. romantic comedies: In your opinion, which are better?
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your mom vs. your dad: Who’s older?
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Tokyo Tower vs. Kiyomizu-dera Temple: For you, which is farther?
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you vs. your best friend: Who’s friendlier?
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English vs. Japanese: In your opinion, which is more difficult?
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Japanese TV shows vs. American TV shows: In your opinion, which are more interesting?
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supermarket food vs. restaurant food: In your country, which is more expensive?
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science vs. math: In your opinion, which is easier?
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you vs. your best friend: Who’s more quiet?
Feedback
I can use comparative adjectives with than.
than を用いた形容詞の比較級を使うことができるようになる。LESSON GOAL ACHIEVEMENT
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4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
|---|---|---|---|
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You were able to use the grammar point very smoothly and naturally. Great job! グラマーポイントをとても自然でスムーズに使うことができました。大変良くできました！ |
You were able to use the grammar point with minimal difficulty. |
You were able to use the grammar point but struggled a lot. We recommend taking |
You were not able to use the grammar point. Please take the |
PERSONALIZED FEEDBACK
ACCURACY
正確さ文法が正しく使えているかどうか
