Goal
I can use reported speech to talk about requests, orders, and statements.
誰かの依頼、命令、平叙文での発言内容について伝える間接話法を使うことができるようになる。Grammar Point
Use reported speech with ask, tell, and say to talk about someone’s words.
誰かの言葉（発言内容）について伝えるために、ask, tell, say を用いた間接話法の使い方を学びましょう。-
Use ask to talk about requests. The form is ask + [person] + [to-infinitive].
誰かの依頼内容について伝えるには ask を使います。形は＜ask＋［人］＋to 不定詞＞ です。
DIRECT SPEECH | REPORTED SPEECH | |
|---|---|---|
| “Can you open the door?” | Jill asked me to open the door. |
| “Could you call Amanda?” | Kyle asked me to call Amanda. |
横にスワイプ
My mom asked us to do the laundry.
母は、私たちに洗濯をするように頼みました。
I asked Jenna to turn on the air conditioner.
私は、ジェナにエアコンをつけるように頼みました。
-
Use tell to talk about orders. The form is tell + [person] + [to-infinitive].
誰かの命令内容について伝えるには tell を使います。形は＜tell＋［人］＋to 不定詞＞ です。
DIRECT SPEECH | REPORTED SPEECH | |
|---|---|---|
|
| “Open the door.” | Jill told me to open the door. |
|
| “Call Amanda.” | Kyle told me to call Amanda. |
横にスワイプ
My mom told us to do the laundry.
母は、私たちに洗濯をするように言いました。
I told Jenna to turn on the air conditioner.
私は、ジェナにエアコンをつけるように言いました。
-
Use say to talk about statements. The form is say (that)* + [subject] + [verb].
誰かの平叙文（＜主語＋動詞・・・＞の語順の文）での発言内容について伝えるには say を使います。形は＜say＋（that）*＋主語＋動詞＞です。
*there is no difference in meaning between say that and say
*say that と say の意味に違いはありませんDIRECT SPEECH | REPORTED SPEECH | |
|---|---|---|
|
| “Amanda likes dogs.” | Jill said Amanda likes dogs. |
|
| “It’s not very cold.” | Kyle said that it’s not very cold. |
横にスワイプ
My friend said that Misako is from Japan.
私の友人は、ミサコが日本出身だと言いました。
I said Dylan needs help.
私は、ディランには助けが必要だと言いました。
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When reporting speech with say, it is common to shift verbs back one tense. In many cases, this backshift is optional and does not affect the meaning.** Please use the same verb tense as the direct speech throughout this lesson.***
say を用いた間接話法を使うとき、一般的に時制は、direct speech （直接話法）の時制の一つ前の時制（例：直接話法で現在形なら、間接話法では過去形）になります。多くの場合、時制の変化は任意であり、意味に違いはありません。このレッスンでは、間接話法の場合も direct speech （直接話法）と同じ時制を使いましょう。
**backshifting verbs will be covered in a future Grammar lesson
**時制の変化に関する詳しい内容は今後の文法教材で扱う予定です***all reported speech in this lesson is correct even without backshifting
***このレッスン内で扱われる間接話法の文はすべて、直接話法の時制から変化させる必要がありませんDIRECT SPEECH | REPORTED SPEECH | |
|---|---|---|
|
| “Daisy lives in London.” | Jill said Daisy lives in London. |
|
| “Cleopatra lived in Alexandria.” | Kyle said that Cleopatra lived in Alexandria. |
横にスワイプ
My friend said that she’s having a party next week.
私の友人は、来週パーティを開く予定だと言いました。
I said I had a party last week.
私は、先週パーティをしたと言いました。
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When reporting speech with ask, tell, and say, be careful with pronouns and possessive adjectives. You may have to change them.
ask, tell, say を用いた間接話法では、人称代名詞や所有形容詞に注意しましょう。変化させる必要があるかもしれません。
DIRECT SPEECH | REPORTED SPEECH | |
|---|---|---|
|
| “Could you call me back?” | Jill asked me to call her back. |
|
| “Send me your report.” | Kyle told me to send him my report. |
| “We want to talk to you.” | Jill and Kyle said they want to talk to me. |
横にスワイプ
Bill asked me to help him.
ビルは、私に彼を助けるように頼みました。
I told Dave to talk to you.
私は、デイブにあなたに話すように言いました。
My friend said that her sister is in Europe right now.
私の友人は、彼女の姉が今ヨーロッパにいると言いました。
Sentence Builder
He said that he’s looking for a new job.
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I asked Angela to lend me a pencil.
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Jenna said she can help us.
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My mom told me to clean my room.
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He asked me to talk to you.
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I told my children to study more.
Practice
Make new sentences using the grammar point, the quotes, and the picture clues. Change the direct speech into reported speech. More than one answer may be possible.
グラマーポイント、発言、ヒントの写真を用いて文を作りましょう。直接話法を間接話法に変えましょう。複数の回答が可能な場合もあります。
“Can you help me?” – my friend
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“Call your sister.” – Anna
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“Could you do the laundry?” – my dad
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“Lisa likes purple.” – Greg
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“Take out the garbage.” – my mom
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“My great-grandma was from Mexico.” – Anna
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“Can you buy milk?” – my dad
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“I’m going to visit my parents for Christmas.” – my roommate
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“Could you turn on the air conditioner?” – Greg
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“Finish your report before the three-day weekend.” – my boss
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“It’s going to snow.” – my friend
Q&A
グラマーポイントとご自身についての情報を用いて質問に答えましょう。
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What did you ask a RareJob Eikaiwa tutor to do recently (ex. explain a word, speak more slowly)?
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What did you say to your friend recently?
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What did you tell a family member to do recently?
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What did the weather report say recently?
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When you were a child, what did your mom tell you to do?
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What did a RareJob Eikaiwa tutor tell you to do recently (ex. watch English movies, practice your pronunciation)?
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What did your friend say to you recently?
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What did you ask a family member to do recently?
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When you were in school, what did your teachers tell you to do?
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What did you say to a family member recently?
Feedback
I can use reported speech to talk about requests, orders, and statements.
誰かの依頼、命令、平叙文での発言内容について伝える間接話法を使うことができるようになる。LESSON GOAL ACHIEVEMENT
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4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
|---|---|---|---|
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You were able to use the grammar point very smoothly and naturally. Great job! グラマーポイントをとても自然でスムーズに使うことができました。大変良くできました！ |
You were able to use the grammar point with minimal difficulty. |
You were able to use the grammar point but struggled a lot. We recommend taking |
You were not able to use the grammar point. Please take the |
PERSONALIZED FEEDBACK
ACCURACY
正確さ文法が正しく使えているかどうか
