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High Beginner

GRAMMAR

LESSON 14:

Passive Voice

Goal

I can use passive voice.

Grammar Point

Read the grammar point with your tutor.

Use the passive voice to focus attention on the object of an action.

  • Use the recipient of the action, not the cause of the action, as the subject. The form is be + [past participle]*.

*for more information on how to form regular past participles, please see Grammar High Beginner Lesson 10

ACTIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE

People invite Chris to every party.

Chris is invited to every party.

Someone locked the door.

The door was locked.

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ex

The dishes are washed every day.

ex

My mom was interviewed on the street yesterday.

  • Be careful with irregular verbs. You will have to memorize their past participles.

IRREGULAR VERB

PAST PARTICIPLE

choose

chosen

write

written

grow

grown

eat

eaten

speak

spoken

steal

stolen

break

broken

take

taken

do

done

find

found

make

made

tell

told

build

built

buy

bought

teach

taught

send

sent

sing

sung

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ex

Apples are grown in Aomori.

ex

My bag was made in Italy.

  • Be careful with pronouns. Change object pronouns in active voice to subject pronouns in passive voice.

OBJECT PRONOUN

SUBJECT PRONOUN

me

I

you

you

him

he

her

she

it

it

us

we

them

they

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ex

I was interviewed on the street yesterday.

ex

We were invited to the party.

  • Use by to explain who or what caused the action.

ACTIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE

Anna wrote the email.

The email was written by Anna.

My friend chose my cat’s name.

My cat’s name was chosen by my friend.

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ex

Our house was built by my grandpa in 1950.

ex

The children were scolded by Mr. Collins.

  • Use the passive voice to ask questions that focus on the object of an action.

ex

Were you interviewed on the street yesterday?

ex

Where was your bag made?

  • Use short phrases to positively answer yes/no passive voice questions.

POSITIVE ANSWERS

Yes, I am. / Yes, I was.

Yes, you are. / Yes, you were.

Yes, he is. / Yes, he was.

Yes, she is. / Yes, she was.

Yes, it is. / Yes, it was.

Yes, we are. / Yes, we were.

Yes, they are. / Yes, they were.

ex

Q: Were you interviewed on the street yesterday?
A: Yes, I was.

  • Use short phrases to negatively answer yes/no passive voice questions too.

NEGATIVE ANSWERS

No, I’m not. / No, I wasn’t.

No, you aren’t. / No, you weren’t.

No, he isn’t. / No, he wasn’t.

No, she isn’t. / No, she wasn’t.

No, it isn’t. / No, it wasn’t.

No, we aren’t. / No, we weren’t.

No, they aren’t. / No, they weren’t.

ex

Q: Were you interviewed on the street yesterday?
A: No, I wasn’t.

  • Use the passive voice with not to focus attention on the object of an action that does not or did not happen.

ex

Pineapples are not grown in Aomori.

ex

My bag was not made in Italy.

  • In casual spoken and written English, not is usually contracted with be. Please try to use contracted forms throughout this lesson.

FORMAL ENGLISH

CASUAL ENGLISH

is not

isn’t

are not

aren’t

was not

wasn’t

were not

weren’t

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ex

Pineapples aren’t grown in Aomori.

ex

My bag wasn’t made in Italy.

Sentence Builder

Build new sentences using the grammar point, the original sentences, and the words in parentheses. The form of some words may need to be changed.
Build new sentences using the grammar point, the original sentences, and the words in parentheses. The form of some words may need to be changed.
ex

Are the windows locked every night?

(wash)
   Are the windows washed every night   ?
(close)
   Are the windows closed every night   ?
  • The sandwich was made by my sister.

(eat)
                            .
(steal)
                            .
  • Terry wasn’t invited.

(tell)
                            .
(choose)
                            .
  • Was your wallet found at the store?

(buy)
                            ?
(lose)
                            ?
  • No, it wasn’t.

(he)
                            .
(they)
                            .
  • It was created by Vicky last year.

(build)
                            .
(write)
                            .

Practice

Make new sentences using the grammar point. Change the active voice sentences into passive voice sentences.

ex

_____ invited me to the party.

I was invited to the party.
ex

_____ invited me to the party.

I was invited to the party.
ex

My family built this house five years ago.

This house was built by my family five years ago.
ex

My family built this house five years ago.

This house was built by my family five years ago.
  • _____ broke my tablet yesterday.

  • Greg did the laundry.

  • Where do _____ grow kiwis?

  • _____ sing that song on New Year’s Eve.

  • Did your mom bake this pie?

  • _____ don’t speak German there.

  • _____ found my wallet!

  • Clara Frank didn’t write Snow Day.

  • When did _____ send it?

  • _____ didn’t teach Spanish at my school.

Q&A

PART 1
Answer the questions using the grammar point and your own information.
  • What vegetables are grown in your area?
  • Were you invited to any events recently?
  • What languages were taught at your high school?
  • When you were a child, were you scolded a lot?
  • In your country, what food is eaten for New Year’s?
PART 2
Use the grammar point to ask your tutor some questions. You can use the ideas below or your own ideas.
what languages / speak / in your country
what fruits / grow / in your country
what foods / eat / for Christmas / in your country