日本語表示
High Beginner

GRAMMAR

LESSON 1:

Conjunctions

Goal

I can use conjunctions.

Grammar Point

Read the grammar point with your tutor.

Use conjunctions to link ideas.

  • Use because to explain reasons.

separate

linked

It was cold.

 

I closed the window.

I closed the window because it was cold.

swipe to see full chart
ex

I can’t go to the party because I’m sick.

ex

I ate a snack because I was hungry.

  • Use so to explain results.

separate

linked

It was cold.

 

I closed the window.

It was cold, so I closed the window.

swipe to see full chart
ex

I’m sick, so I can’t go to the party.

ex

I was hungry, so I ate a snack.

  • Use before and after to explain the order of events.

separate

linked

I study.

 

I watch TV.

I study before I watch TV.

 

I watch TV after I study.

swipe to see full chart
ex

I usually take a bath before I go to bed.

ex

I watched TV for a bit before I did my homework.

ex

I usually go to bed after I take a bath.

ex

I did my homework after I watched TV for a bit.

  • You can use because, before, and after at the beginning of sentences* or between clauses.

*use a comma when they’re used at the beginning of sentences

ex

Because I’m sick, I can’t go to the party.

ex

I can’t go to the party because I’m sick.

ex

Before I went to work, I took a shower.

ex

I took a shower before I went to work.

ex

After I ate breakfast, I brushed my teeth.

ex

I brushed my teeth after I ate breakfast.

Be careful: You cannot use so at the beginning of sentences. Always use it between clauses.

So I went home, I didn’t feel well.

Sorry, your browser does not support inline SVG.

I didn’t feel well, so I went home.

Sentence Builder

Build new sentences using the grammar point, the original sentences, and the words in parentheses. The form of some words may need to be changed.
Build new sentences using the grammar point, the original sentences, and the words in parentheses. The form of some words may need to be changed.
ex

I don’t feel well, so I’m going to bed.

(be tired)
   I’m tired, so I’m going to bed   .
(need to wake up early)
   I need to wake up early, so I’m going to bed   .
  • Junko studies English because she has foreign friends.

(travel overseas a lot)
                            .
(need to use it at work)
                            .
  • Before my mom visited, I cleaned my apartment.

(do the laundry)
                            .
(wash the dishes)
                            .
  • Jenna was hungry, so she went to a café.

(make dinner)
                            .
(buy a sandwich)
                            .
  • I sometimes have a snack after I finish work.

(exercise)
                            .
(eat dinner)
                            .
  • My children can watch TV before they do their homework.

(go to bed)
                            .
(eat dinner)
                            .

Practice

Make new sentences using the grammar point, the words in parentheses, and the clues. Do not change the order of the clues.

ex

(after) I prefer to brush my teeth / I eat breakfast

I prefer to brush my teeth after I eat breakfast.
ex

(after) I prefer to brush my teeth / I eat breakfast

I prefer to brush my teeth after I eat breakfast.
  • (so) the bag was really expensive / I didn’t buy it

  • (before) I went to the gym / I ate dinner

  • (because) it was raining / I relaxed at home

  • (after) I finish work / I often do yoga

  • (so) Jenna was tired / she went home

  • (because) Eric took some medicine / he had a headache

  • (after) I use the bathroom / I always wash my hands

  • (so) it was sunny / we went to the beach

  • (before) my daughter goes to sleep / I read a story to her

  • (because) Jenna was angry / we were late

Q&A

Answer the questions using the grammar point and your own information.
  • Why are you studying English?

  • What do you do after you wake up?

  • What did you do last weekend and why?

  • When do you usually take a shower/bath?

  • What did you do for your last vacation and why?

  • What did you do after you ate dinner yesterday?

  • What did you eat today and why?

  • What do you do before you go to bed?

  • What did you recently buy and why?

  • When do you usually wash your face?